Simple and easy-to-understand analysis of the working principle of the mold clamping machine! Professional explanation!

A mold clamping machine, also known as a calender, is a mechanical device used to process metal materials. Its working principle is mainly to apply pressure on the metal material to cause it to undergo plastic deformation in the mold clamping machine, thereby achieving the purpose of processing the metal material. The following will analyze the working principle of the mold clamping machine from two aspects: its structure and working process.

1. Structure of mold clamping machine

The mold clamping machine mainly consists of the following parts:

1. Lathe bed: The lathe bed is the main part of the mold clamping machine and is used to stabilize the operation of the entire machine. The bed is made of solid materials such as cast iron, and important components such as the mold clamping device are installed on it.

2. Mold clamping device: The mold clamping device is the core part of the mold clamping machine and is used to apply pressure and control the deformation of the material. It consists of two closely fitting molds, one of which is fixed on the bed and the other is opposite and can move up and down. When the mold is closed, the metal material is located between the two molds and is heated and pressurized to cause it to plastically deform.

3. Driving device: The driving device is the power source of the mold clamping machine and is used to provide the required power to run the machine. Common driving devices include electric motors, hydraulic systems, etc. Among them, electric motors are the most common driving method. Electric energy is converted into mechanical energy through transmission devices, thereby driving mechanical parts to move.

4. Control system: The control system of the mold clamping machine is used to control the operation and operation of the machine. It consists of sensors, actuators, and controllers. The sensors sense the operating status of the machinery, and then the controller controls the actuators to achieve automatic operation of the machinery.

2. Working process of mold clamping machine

1. Mold opening and closing: When the work starts, the mold clamping machine uses the driving device to move the movable mold (upper mold) downward relative to the fixed mold (lower mold) until the two molds are closed. During the closing process, the mold clamping machine presses elements such as springs into the fixed mold to provide a certain elastic buffer when pressurized.

2. Heating of materials: After the mold is closed, the mold clamping machine begins to heat the metal material to reach the appropriate processing temperature. Common heating methods include electric heating, medium heating, etc. The heating process needs to be reasonably controlled according to the type of metal material and processing requirements.

3. Calendering processing: After the material reaches the appropriate processing temperature, the mold clamping machine applies a certain pressure through the driving device to cause plastic deformation of the metal material. The amount of pressure is determined according to the properties of the material and processing requirements. If it is too high, it will cause excessive deformation of the metal material, and if it is too small, the expected processing effect will not be achieved.

4. Mold loosening: After the rolling process is completed, the mold clamping machine moves the movable mold upward through the driving device, opens the mold, and takes out the processed metal material. During the mold loosening process, the mold clamping machine controls the driving device accordingly according to the instructions of the control system to ensure that the mold can be loosened smoothly.

To sum up, the working principle of the mold clamping machine is to achieve the purpose of processing metal materials through the opening and closing of the mold, heating and rolling of metal materials. The structure and working process of the mold clamping machine work closely together, and with reasonable control and operation, efficient, precise and safe metal material processing can be achieved.